Some Recent Progress on the Studies of Supernova Remnants

We briefly reviewed some recent progress on the studies of supernova remnants (SNRs), including the radio SNRs (the structure, polarization, spectrum etc.), observational characteristics of X-ray emission, pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), association properties between SNR and PSR, interaction of SNR and interstellar medium (ISM), cosmos ray and the SNRs in external galaxies, etc.. Correspondingly to the continue improvement of space and spectrum resolution of the on-ground and in-space astronomical equipments at wavelengthes as radio, optical, X-ray and so on, we know about SNRs more and deeper.Comment: 10 pages, no figur

Arithmetic Coding Based Multi-Composition Codes for Bit-Level Distribution Matching

A distribution matcher (DM) encodes a binary input data sequence into a sequence of symbols (codeword) with desired target probability distribution. The set of the output codewords constitutes a codebook (or code) of a DM. Constant-composition DM (CCDM) uses arithmetic coding to efficiently encode data into codewords from a constant-composition (CC) codebook. The CC constraint limits the size of the codebook, and hence the coding rate of the CCDM. The performance of CCDM degrades with decreasing output length. To improve the performance for short transmission blocks we present a class of multi-composition (MC) codes and an efficient arithmetic coding scheme for encoding and decoding. The resulting multi-composition DM (MCDM) is able to encode more data into distribution matched codewords than the CCDM and achieves lower KL divergence, especially for short block messages

A Physarum-inspired model for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium problem

Stochastic user equilibrium is an important issue in the traffic assignment problems, tradition models for the stochastic user equilibrium problem are designed as mathematical programming problems. In this article, a Physarum-inspired model for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium problem is proposed. There are two main contributions of our work. On the one hand, the origin Physarum model is modified to find the shortest path in traffic direction networks with the properties of two-way traffic characteristic. On the other hand, the modified Physarum-inspired model could get the equilibrium flows when traveller's perceived transportation cost complies with normal distribution. The proposed method is constituted with a two-step procedure. First, the modified Physarum model is applied to get the auxiliary flows. Second, the auxiliary flows are averaged to obtain the equilibrium flows. Numerical examples are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed method, which is compared with the Method of Successive Average method.Comment: 24 pages,5 figure

Generalized BBV Models for Weighted Complex Networks

We will introduce two evolving models that characterize weighted complex networks. Though the microscopic dynamics are different, these models are found to bear a similar mathematical framework, and hence exhibit some common behaviors, for example, the power-law distributions and evolution of degree, weight and strength. We also study the nontrivial clustering coefficient C and tunable degree assortativity coefficient r, depending on specific parameters. Most results are supported by present empirical evidences, and may provide us with a better description of the hierarchies and organizational architecture of weighted networks. Our models have been inspired by the weighted network model proposed by Alain Barrat et al. (BBV for short), and can be considered as a meaningful development of their original work.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PR

Simulating the Chiral Magnetic Wave in a Box System

The chiral magnetic wave from the interplay between the chiral magnetic effect and the chiral separation effect is simulated in a box system with the periodic boundary condition based on the chiral kinetic equations of motion. Simulation results are compared with available limits from theoretical derivations, and effects of the temperature, the magnetic field, and the specific shear viscosity on the key properties of the chiral magnetic wave are discussed. Our study serves as a baseline for further simulations of chiral anomalies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

A Discourse-Level Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction Dataset for Chinese Literature Text

Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction for Chinese literature text is regarded as the highly difficult problem, partially because of the lack of tagging sets. In this paper, we build a discourse-level dataset from hundreds of Chinese literature articles for improving this task. To build a high quality dataset, we propose two tagging methods to solve the problem of data inconsistency, including a heuristic tagging method and a machine auxiliary tagging method. Based on this corpus, we also introduce several widely used models to conduct experiments. Experimental results not only show the usefulness of the proposed dataset, but also provide baselines for further research. The dataset is available at https://github.com/lancopku/Chinese-Literature-NER-RE-Datase

Further Results on the Distinctness of Decimations of l-sequences

Let $\underline{a}$ be an \textit{l}-sequence generated by a feedback-with-carry shift register with connection integer $q=p^{e}$, where $p$ is an odd prime and $e\geq 1$. Goresky and Klapper conjectured that when $p^{e}\notin \{5,9,11,13\}$, all decimations of $\underline{a}$ are cyclically distinct. When $e=1$ and $p>13$, they showed that the set of distinct decimations is large and, in some cases, all deciamtions are distinct. In this article, we further show that when $e\geq 2$ and$p^{e}\neq 9$, all decimations of $\underline{a}$ are also cyclically distinct.Comment: submitted to IEEE-I

Simulating chiral anomalies with spin dynamics

Considering that the chiral kinetic equations of motion (CEOM) can be derived from the spin kinetic equations of motion (SEOM) for massless particles with approximations, we simulate the chiral anomalies by using the latter in a box system with the periodic boundary condition under a uniform external magnetic field. We found that the chiral magnetic effect is weaker while the damping of the chiral magnetic wave is stronger from the SEOM compared with that from the CEOM. In addition, effects induced by chiral anomalies from the SEOM are less sensitive to the decay of the magnetic field than from the CEOM due to the spin relaxation process.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Feasibility study on the least square method for fitting non-Gaussian noise data

This study is to investigate the feasibility of least square method in fitting non-Gaussian noise data. We add different levels of the two typical non-Gaussian noises, L\'evy and stretched Gaussian noises, to exact value of the selected functions including linear equations, polynomial and exponential equations, and the maximum absolute and the mean square errors are calculated for the different cases. L\'evy and stretched Gaussian distributions have many applications in fractional and fractal calculus. It is observed that the non-Gaussian noises are less accurately fitted than the Gaussian noise, but the stretched Gaussian cases appear to perform better than the L\'evy noise cases. It is stressed that the least-squares method is inapplicable to the non-Gaussian noise cases when the noise level is larger than 5%

Self-assembly and glass-formation in a lattice model of telechelic polymer melts: Influence of stiffness of the sticky bonds

The lattice cluster theory (LCT) for strongly interacting, self-assembling telechelic polymers provides a theoretical tool that enables establishing the connections between important microscopic molecular details of self-assembling polymers and their bulk thermodynamics. The original LCT for self-assembly of telechelic polymers considers a model of fully flexible linear chains [J. Dudowicz and K. F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{136}, 064902 (2012)], while our recent work introduces a significant improvement to the LCT by including a description of chain semiflexibility for the bonds within each individual telecheic chain [W.-S. Xu and K. F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{143}, 024901 (2015)], but the physically associative (or called "sticky") bonds between the ends of the telechelics are left as fully flexible. Motivated by the ubiquitous presence of steric constraints on the association of real telechelic polymers that impart an additional degree of bond stiffness (or rigidity), the present paper further extends the LCT to permit the sticky bonds to be semiflexible but to have a stiffness differing from that within each telechelic chain. An analytical expression for the Helmholtz free energy is provided for this model of linear telechelic polymer melts, and illustrative calculations demonstrate the significant influence of the stiffness of the sticky bonds on the self-assembly and thermodynamics of telechelic polymers. A brief discussion is also provided for the impact of self-assembly on glass-formation by combining the LCT description for this extended model of telechelic polymers with the Adam-Gibbs relation between the structural relaxation time and the configurational entropy.Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures, to be published in The Journal of Chemical Physic